This case was brought as a test case to examine the scope of an exception in tort law causation rules. In Fairchild v. Glenhaven Funeral Services Ltd [2002] UKHL 22 (Fairchild), the House of Lords created an exception in to the normal law of causation in torts for workers who had been exposed to asbestos dust …Read more

The region of Wallonia brought a claim before the Court challenging a 1996 Royal Decree limiting the stocking of inflammable and combustible products in the workplace. The Decree created a law to address safety concerns in stocking such products and protect the well-being of all workers in the worksite. The applicant challenged the jurisdictional validity …Read more

Mr. X, the Petitioner,  was an armed reserve police constable and had applied for the post of stipendiary cadet trainee sub-inspector of police (civil). He passed the physical test and the written exam, on the basis of which he was provisionally selected for the post. During the medical examination, however, he tested positive for HIV. …Read more

The applicant was diagnosed with asbestosis and various other pulmonary diseases by the Labour-Expert Medical Commission (LEMC) in November of 1989. The Commission determined that the applicant qualified for second-degree disability. After a deterioration of the applicant’s health, in December of 1997, the LEMC categorized the applicant’s disability as first degree without the need for …Read more

Applicant, a United Kingdom national who had served in the British Army, maintains that his health problems, which left him handicapped, were the result of his participation in mustard and nerve gas tests conducted while he served in the British Armed Forces at the Chemical and Biological Defense Establishment (CBDE) at Porton Down Barracks (England) …Read more

Mrs. X was an employee of the Sochata Snecma company, which is a part of Snecma services, on the site of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. Mrs X was laid off on account of a disruption of the service following numerous work stoppages.  The Rambouillet employee claims court reversed her dismissal and ordered her reinstatement within the Snecma services …Read more

The plaintiff alleges that Greece failed to comply with its obligation to protect public health against air pollution of the  European Social Charter by allowing the operate of lignite mines and power stations without taking all necessary steps to reduce this impact. The MFHR bases its claim on studies of particulate matter that show that …Read more

X, the Petitioner, was a sweeper with the State Bank of India, the Respondent, for nine years on a contractual basis.  The Respondent considered the Petitioner for another job and required him to undergo some medical tests. The Petitioner was deemed fit for the job by the concerned doctor. His ELISA test, however, showed that …Read more

G, the Petitioner, was the wife of an employee who died while he was employed in New India Assurance Company, the Respondent Company. The Petitioner applied for employment on compassionate grounds in the Respondent Company but was rejected. The Respondent Company’s doctor had advised that since the Petitioner had tested positive for HIV, she was …Read more

A 29-year-old construction worker fell 10 meters from veneer roof while at work, rendering him permanently and totally disabled. No safety devices were provided by the employer, including a net or other protection mechanism to protect workers from falls.  The worker brought an action challenging the constitutionality of Article 39(1) of the Occupational Risks Law …Read more

The Petitioner, Seenath Beevi, was the head nurse at a government hospital in Kerala. She worked 14 hours a day, six days a week because shift duties were not available at the hospital. The government had introduced a “3 shift system” in some hospitals with the aim of limiting working hours to 8 hours per …Read more

The Applicant, Irvin and Johnson Limited, wished to arrange for the voluntary and anonymous HIV testing of the more than 1,100 employees in its trawling division. The testing was to be based on the principle of informed consent and accompanied by pre- and post-test counselling. However, the age and job category of the tested employee …Read more

The Petitioner, Ex. Const. Badan Singh, was an employee of the Border Security Force (BSF). While in employment he found out that he was living with HIV. Being considered unfit for employment by the Medical Board and the competent authority, he was discharged from service with a 70% disability. The Petitioner filed the petition in …Read more

The Applicant, Joy Mining Machinery, was a manufacturer, supplier and service provider of mining machinery. The Applicant had attempted to determine the extent of HIV prevalence at its workplace by commissioning a study of HIV prevalence based on the demographic groups at the workplace. As this was ultimately unhelpful, the Applicant wished to determine the …Read more

A, the Petitioner, was a Master Chief Engine Room Artificer-II Class in the Indian Navy. In 1997, he was found to be living with HIV. He was put in low medical category but allowed to remain in service and complete 15 years of service, which made him eligible for pension and other benefits. In 1999, …Read more

X was discharged from the Australian Defence Force (ADF) after he tested positive for HIV, in accordance with an ADF policy that sought to avoid transmission of HIV between soldiers. He subsequently filed a complaint with the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (the Commission), claiming his discharge constituted unlawful discrimination under the Disability Discrimination …Read more

Agnes Rae was passively exposed to cigarette smoke as a civilian employee at the Wishaw Police office during 1979 to 1994. She became ill as a result of this exposure. The Strathclyde Regional Council were the largest employer in Scotland at the time of this matter, and employed their own Occupational Health Department. In 1999, …Read more

German applicants filed a claim alleging violation of Article 6 § 1 (right to fair trial) of the Convention by the German courts when the case their mother commenced regarding her asbestos dust-related lung disease was not heard within a reasonable amount of time. The husband of the original plaintiff, Mrs. Gretel Janssen, worked as …Read more

The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) alleged that a large number of children work illegally in many economic sectors in Portugal. It further stated that the poor working conditions these children are subjected to have a serious impact on their health. The ICJ produced several documents and relied particularly on a report which stated that …Read more

Applicant’s father served as a catering assistant in the British Royal Air Force and had been present at Christmas Island during four nuclear tests. Applicant was diagnosed with leukemia at an early age. Her records of admission to hospital included, under the heading “Summary of Possible Causative Factors” that her father was exposed to radiation. …Read more

Carpet industries in Uttar Pradesh employed children, under the age of 14, where they were “being treated as slaves” and were “subjected to physical torture.” This writ petition was filed in the Supreme Court under Article 32 as a public interest matter. The Court immediately commissioned a report to determine whether children under the age …Read more

The Petitioner, MX, was a casual labourer working for the Respondent, M/s ZY, a State owned corporation. Before his employment could be regularized, the Respondent required the Petitioner to undergo medical tests, including tests for HIV antibodies. The Petitioner passed all fitness requirements presented in the examination except those for HIV antibodies. The Respondent, upon …Read more

Applicant was a Swedish citizen who slipped and fell at work. She made a claim for compensation under the Industrial Injury Insurance Act from the State Insurance Office. The applicant’s lawyer made a routine request for her file and it was revealed that the State Office had been in correspondence with the women’s clinic and …Read more

The Petitioner was an individual concerned about the high rate of employment of children in the Match factories of Sivakasi in Kamaraj District of Tamil Nadu State. He contended that such employment was hazardous and unconstitutional. Being aggrieved, he filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution. The Respondent Government did not deny …Read more

Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., the Appellant, had its registered office in Maharashtra with regional offices in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The Employees State Insurance Corporation, the Respondent, required the Appellant to contribute their share for their workmen’s health insurance, as required by Section 3(9) of the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 (the Act). Disputing the liability, …Read more

Mr. XX, the Plaintiff, worked for the Gun Club Corporation, the Respondent, from 16 March 1992 until 1 July 1994. On 28 April 1994, Dr. Alvaro Murra Erazo, who was working for the Respondent, administered an HIV test to the Plaintiff. After receiving a positive result, the Plaintiff was advised by Dr. Murra to resign …Read more

The Appellant, Doe, was an HIV-positive employee of Respondent SEPTA. Doe brought this constitutional challenge after SEPTA reviewed his prescription drug records for the purpose of monitoring its employee prescription plan. Doe claimed that SEPTA infringed his right to privacy implicit in the right to due process in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Doe …Read more

The applicant was a Finnish national who had retired from the military after receiving a shrapnel wound in his back during his service in the wars between Finland and the Soviet Union. Although the State Office for Accident Compensation (Compensation Office) acknowledged that the shrapnel wound was a “military injury” for purposes of compensation under …Read more

The Consumer Education and Research Center filed several writ petitions against the State of India under Article 32 (obligation to promote social justice and welfare of the people) of the Indian Constitution regarding the protection of workers against the occupational health hazards and diseases associated with asbestos exposure. The petitioner applied for remedial measures to …Read more

Simon Thwaites filed a complaint against the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), alleging that it discriminated against him under the Canadian Human Rights Act (CHRA) by restricting his employment because of his HIV-positive status. Thwaites enlisted in the CAF in 1980 and by 1986 had risen to the rank of master seaman, a position that primarily …Read more