The applicant, Iuri Archuadze, suddenly developed a life threatening jaw condition and went to the Tbilisi State Medical Institute where he had an immediate surgical operation, and, following post-surgical complications, was taken to the intensive therapy department.  In total, the cost of the treatment was 9263,71 GEL, but the applicant was only reimbursed 205,94 GEL …Read more

Herceptin was a drug used to treat an aggressive form of breast cancer called Her2, and it cost roughly $68000 to $70000 for a 12 month course.  The first defendant, the Pharmaceutical Management Agency (Pharmac), was responsible for determining which pharmaceutical treatments would wholly or partially be subsidised by District Health Boards (DHBs). From 2001, …Read more

This case has been affirmed on appeal to the Supreme Court of Cassation. The Plaintiff was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1998. As part of her treatment, she was prescribed hormone medication and received a mastectomy. At one point, she was prescribed Zoladex, which which causes temporary cessation of ovarian function. . Although prescribed this medication, …Read more

In 2002, Jose Maria was diagnosed with cancerous enlargements and was admitted to the Virgen de las Nievas Hospital, where he was treated with four cycles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One year later, he needed a surgery that public health services were unable to provide. As such, he went to the Teknon Clinic of Barcelona …Read more

On August 2006, the Director of the Voivodeship Branch of the National Health Fund rejected the application of the plaintiffs for the reimbursement of the costs incurred during the plaintiff’s in vitro fertilization procedure. The plaintiffs had neither obtained a physician’s referral for the in vitro treatment nor filed an application with the Director of …Read more

The applicant was registered as female at birth in 1978 but regarded himself as a male from an early age. In 1997 he sought medical advice and was diagnosed as transgendered. Lithuania adopted Article 2.27 § 2 of the Civil Code, which provided that unmarried adults had the right to undergo medically endorsed gender reassignment …Read more

The Ombudsperson of the Republic of Macedonia (the Ombudsperson) challenged a provision from the Law on Amending and Supplementing the Law on Health Insurance (the Law). The Law provided that insurees would have a right to basic health services from health facilities that had concluded a contract with the Health Insurance Fund (the Fund), but …Read more

This case concerned whether there was unlawful discrimination under New Zealand’s Human Rights Act (1993) (“HRA”), where legislation provided financial support for a disability arising from an accident, but not for a disability arising from a degenerative process or the manifestation of a disease. Ms. Trevethicks (Plaintiff) suffered from multiple sclerosis. She could only drive …Read more

This case is a class action against the Quebec government aimed at obtaining a reimbursement for voluntary terminations of pregnancy services obtained in private clinics. After the 1988 landmark case of R v Morgentaler found a right to elective abortion, the Ministry of Health had been slow in developing ministerial guidance on family planning. At …Read more

T.D.Z. suffered from cancer and was prescribed an active treatment in 1998, which obtained good results. In 2002, T.D.Z. required chemical injections in order to induce binding menopause after which she was required to take hormone replacements. The Ministry of Health, however, was unable to provide T.D.Z. with the injections (Zodalex®) for April and May …Read more