This case considered whether Article 7 §2 of the law dated January 24, 1977 (“Article 7 §2”) from the Belgian Federal Parliament (governing the protection of consumer health with respect to nutritional foodstuff) or Article 13 of the decree dated December 2, 1982 (“Article 13”) from the Council of the French Community (restricting certain advertising …Read more

Article 7, § 2 of the law dated January 24, 1977 regulated the protection of consumer health and specifically gave the national legislature authority to regulate tobacco advertising. In 1980,  a special law was passed, which deemed the authority of the Communities under the Constitution to include the right to regulate “health education as well as …Read more

The plaintiff, the Society for the Protection of Unborn Children, an Irish company whose purpose was to prevent the decriminalization of abortion, brought a suit against the defendants, including Stephen Grogan and fourteen other officers of Irish student organizations, for their distribution of “specific information relating to the identity and location of clinics” in other …Read more

The Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) issued a memorandum of guidance to local health authorities that stated that, inter alia, “consultations between doctors and patients are confidential,” even for children less than 16. The memorandum noted that while “it would be most unusual,” a doctor could advise the child regarding contraception without parental …Read more

Appellants were parents of children who had attended Denmark public schools until they were refused exemption from the country’s compulsory sex education lessons. The parents claimed a violation of the right to education under Article 2 of Protocol 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights (Convention) because the alternatives to public education included costly …Read more